Distribution : They are distributed widely in the temperate and tropical region. Most of the plants belonging to this family are mesophytes. They are cultivated for vegetables , as They are cultivated for vegetables , as ornamental plant etc.
Habit :Most of them are annual herbs , rarely trees.
Vegetative characters
- Root : Tap root system with
lateral branches.
- Stem : Erect , herbaceous ,
aerial , branched , solid or fistular , cylindrical. In some the stem is
modified into tubers as in Solanum
tuberosum.
- Leaves : Cauline ,ramal,
pertiolate or sessil or sub sessile , exstipulate , simple ,ovate , margin :
dentate or entire , unicostate, reticulate venation
Floral characters
- Inflorescence : Cymose , generallyaxillary but sometime
extra-axillary or terminal cyme
- Calyx : Sepal - 5 ,
gamosepalous , hairy , campanulate , inferior, valvate aestivation
- Corolla : Petal - 5 , gamopetalous , infundibuliform or tubular , inferior
, valvate aestivation,
- Androceium : Stamen - 5, polyandrous , epipetalous , alternate to petal,
anther : basifixed , dithecous ,introse
- Gynoceium : Carpel - 2 , bicarpellary , syncarpous , ovary superior and
obliquely placed, bilocular with many ovaries on swollen placenta , sometime
tetralocular due to development of false septum , aile placentation , style simple , stigma :
capitate or bilobed
- Pollination : Cross , entomophilous
- Fruit : A many seeded berry or
capsule
- Seed : Albuminous or endospermic
which is curved or straight
nysh
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