HSEB botany notes | Vegetative reproduction in Funaria (Moss) :

Vegetative reproduction in Funaria (Moss) :

In this method new plants are produced from vegetative part of the plant.

It take place by following methods:

1. Primary protonema : The multicellular branched filamantous structure which bears

buds are calledas primary protonema. The protonema formed by germination of spores is callled as

primary protonema. The branches containg buds if seperate due disintegration of incalary cell

or by orther mean, each bud develop into new plant.

2. Seconday protonema : It is developed from any vegetative part of plant body other

than spore. Seonday protonema is similar to primary protonema in structure and

function . Their individual buds give rise to new plant.

3. Gemma : Gemma are the small multicellular structure developed from terminal cell

of protonema.If they get detached from parent body by any means, each gemma give rise

to new plant.

4. Tubers : Tubers are similar to gemma in function and structure excpet they develop from

rhizoid under unfavourable condition. When they get detached from the rhizoid,

each of them give rise to new plant under favourable condition.

5. Apospory : Apospory is the phenomenon of development of new plant directly from

wounded part of sporophyte whiout the occurance of meiosis cell division. The plant which

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