HSEB zoology notes | General characteristics of Reptile

The general characteristics of reptile are as follows:

     1.       Habitat : They are mostly terrestrial and some are aquatic. They are cold blooded (poikilothermic) animal.

    2.       Body form : Their body is elongated and cylindrical and divided into head ,trunk , neck and tail. Skin is dry , rough and non-glandular. It is covered by scales or bone plates. 

    3.  Locomotion: Locomotion in amphibian is carried out by two pair of pentadactyle limbs. Horny claws are present aquatic form, digits in terrestrial form.

   4.       Respiration : They respire through lungs. In turtle, gaseous exchange take place through cloaca.

   5.       Nervous System : They have 12 pair of carnial nerve arising from brain.

   6.       Reproduction : Sexes are separate and they are oviparous. Eggs are covered by CaCO3.

Eg : Hemidactylus (wall lizard) , turtle etc

HSEB zoology notes | General characteristics of Amphibians

    HSEB notes

    The general characteristics of Amphibian are as follows:

1.  Habitat: They live both in land and water. They are cold blooded (poikilothermic) animal.

     2.       Sleeping period: They undergo hibernation (winter sleep) and aestivation (summer sleep) period during unfavorable condition.

     3.     Body : Their body is cylindrical and divided into head trunk and mobile neck. Their head is triangular and bears pair of eye, external nosestril and tympanum. Eyes are protected by nictitating membrame.

  

    4.     Locomotion: It takes place by pentadactyle fore and hind limbs. Claws are absent. Fore limbs has 4 fingers and hind limb has  5 fingers with webbed and longer toes.

  

    5.     Nervous System: They have 12 pair of carnial nerve arising from brain.

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    6.       Reproduction system :  Sexes are separate in them(diocious) .

    7.    Development is indirect and fertilization is external.

    Eg : Hyla, Rana(frog) , Toad(bufo) etc.